The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, or scientific advances. Initially there were five categories only but in 1969, Economics was also added in the categories of Nobel Prize. The prizes are widely regarded as the most prestigious awards available in their respective fields. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, the Nobel Prize in Physics, and the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel; the Swedish Academy grants the Nobel Prize in Literature; and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Nobel Peace Prize.
The Nobel Assembly awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to {X} was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria, “by which he has opened a new road in the domain of medical science. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to {3} on Monday for the discovery of the {4}, a breakthrough the Nobel committee said had “made possible blood tests and new medicines that have saved millions of lives”. For the first time in history, the disease can now be cured, raising hopes of eradicating hepatitis C virus from the world population.
The discovery solved a thorny scientific mystery that had plagued physicians and researchers for years & it is a landmark achievement in the ongoing battle against viral diseases. After their discovery, highly sensitive blood tests for the virus are now available and these have essentially eliminated post-transfusion hepatitis in many parts of the world, greatly improving global health.
QUESTIONS 1-5
Q.1 X was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria. Who is X here?
A. Emil Von Behring: ANSWER
B. Paul Ehrlich
C. Robert Koch
D. Louis Pasteur
Q.2 The Nobel Laureates for physiology or medicine is decided by which institute and the Prize is conferred to the winner at which place?
A. University of Pennsylvania, USA
B. University of California, USA
C. University of Oxford, UK
D. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm: ANSWER
Q.3 which of the following personalities is/are conferred with the most prestigious award Nobel Prize in the field of physiology or medicine that should be written in place of {3}?
A. Dr. Harvey J. Alter
B. Michael Houghton
C. Charles M. Rice
D. All of the above: ANSWER
Q.4 The persons conferred with Nobel Prize in the field of physiology or medicine have made discovery or their contribution on _____ {4} _____?
A. Hepatitis A virus
B. Hepatitis C virus: ANSWER
C. Aedes aegypti virus
D. None of the above
Q.5 Which of the following statements is/are true in the context of the Nobel Prize 2020 in the field of physiological or Medicine?
A. The prize was announced at the University of Pennsylvania, USA
B. The laureates have won because of the discovery of Hepatitis B virus
C. The prize was awarded jointly to Dr. Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton & Charles Rice: ANSWER
D. None of the above
PASSAGE
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict dates back to the end of the nineteenth century, primarily as a conflict over territory. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, the Holy Land was divided into three parts: the State of Israel, the West Bank (of the Jordan River), and the Gaza Strip. The 1993 Oslo Accords mediated the conflict. But in 2000, inspired by continuing Palestinian grievances, the second intifada began and was much bloodier than the first. Since taking office, the Donald J. Trump administration has made achieving an Israeli-Palestinian deal a priority, but has yet to release its long-awaited proposal for a peace process. The Abraham Accord between {2} is mediated by the USA. It is the first Arab-Israeli peace deal in {3}. There were the only two peace deals between Israel and the Arab States in more than a quarter of a century.
The agreement shows how the Arab countries are gradually decoupling themselves from the Palestine question. Palestine was among former Ottoman territories placed under UK administration by the League of Nations in 1922. All of these territories eventually became fully independent States, except Palestine.
Palestinians have condemned the Abraham Accords as a betrayal. The new agreement breaks a long-standing Arab consensus that the price of normal relations with Israel was independence for the Palestinians. 86% of Palestinians believe the normalization agreement with the UAE serves only Israel’s interests and not their own. However a balance between Shia and Sunni, between Persian and Arab, is key to any sustainable peace. The US may be a pre-eminent power in the Middle East, but Russia has made a space for itself, spending a lot less money. In recent years, China has indicated its willingness to play a larger role in this region, and is close to both UAE and Israel and, increasingly, Saudi Arabia.
QUESTIONS (1-5)
Q.1 In which of the following wars in june 1967, Israel defeated Egypt, Jordan and Syria and occupied east Jerusalem and other territories?
A. Six Days War: ANSWER
B. Fifteen Days War
C. Hundred Days War
D. None of the above
Q.2 Recently three countries have signed a Peace Deal named as “Abraham Accord”. Which of the following are the three countries that should also be replaced with {2}?
A. Israel, UAE & USA
B. Israel, UAE & India
C. UAE, Palestine & Bahrain
D. Israel, Bahrain & UAE: ANSWER
Q.3 Recently signed Abraham Accord is Peace Deal that is signed between Israel and Arab countries after ____ {3} ____?
A. 20 Years
B. 22 Years
C. 25 Years
D. 26 Years: ANSWER
Q.4 Which of the following statements is correct, over the stand of USA in Israel & Palestine conflict?
A. USA is supporting Palestinians against Israel.
B. USA is supporting Israel and has its embassy in Jerusalem: ANSWER
C. USA does not have a clear stand over the issue
D. None of the above
Q.5 Consider the following statements and answer that which of the following statements are the possible advantages to India due to Abraham Accord?
A. India can ramp up defence and security relations with UAE.
B. India will further strengthen its diplomatic ties with Israel.
C. These Gulf countries are largest oil producing countries which will benefit India.
D. All of the above: ANSWER
